t-distribution Table

T-Distribution Table Student’s T-Distribution Table This table shows critical values of the t-distribution for both one-tailed and two-tailed tests. df α = 0.1 α = 0.05 α = 0.01 One-Tail Two-Tail One-Tail Two-Tail One-Tail Two-Tail 1 3.0777 6.3138 6.3138 12.7062 31.8205 63.6567 2 1.8856 2.9200 2.9200 4.3027 6.9646 9.9248 3 1.6377 2.3534 2.3534 3.1824 4.5407 … Read more

Central Limit Theory: Examples and Explanations

Central Limit Theorem (CLT) states that when you take a sufficiently large number of independent random samples from a population (regardless of the population’s original distribution), the sampling distribution of the sample mean will approach a normal distribution. This tutorual will use two exmaples to show that while the original data do not follow normal … Read more

Levene’s Test in SPSS

1. What is Levene’s Test? Levene’s Test is a statistical test used to assess the equality of variances (homogeneity of variance) across multiple groups. It checks whether different samples have similar variances, which is an important assumption for parametric tests like ANOVA and t-tests. 2. How Levene’s Test Works: 3. Hypotheses: 4. Interpreting the Results: … Read more

Z table: Two-tail and One-tail

Two-tail Standard Normal Z-table Two-tail Standard Normal Z-Table |Z| 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.0 1.0000 0.9920 0.9840 0.9761 0.9681 0.9601 0.9522 0.9442 0.9362 0.9283 0.1 0.9203 0.9124 0.9045 0.8966 0.8887 0.8808 0.8729 0.8650 0.8572 0.8493 0.2 0.8415 0.8337 0.8259 0.8181 0.8103 0.8026 0.7949 0.7872 0.7795 0.7718 0.3 0.7642 0.7566 … Read more

Python Code to Plot F-distribution Density Function

import numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom scipy import statsdef plot_f_distribution(df1, df2, alpha=0.05): # Create x values for the plot x = np.linspace(0, 5, 1000) # Calculate F-distribution values y = stats.f.pdf(x, df1, df2) # Calculate critical F-value f_crit = stats.f.ppf(1 – alpha, df1, df2) # Create the plot plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6)) # Add solid black … Read more

F-Distribution Critical Value Table

The following is the F Distribution Critical Value Table. The numbers in the table are critical values for F distribution with probably p in right tail of the distribution (see the figure illustration below). F Distribution Critical Values df2 p-value df1 (Degrees of freedom in numerator) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 12 … Read more

WordPress on Google Cloud: Access phpMyAdmin and files

Unlike some typical WordPress host companies, there is no direct page on Google Cloud to access phpMyAdmin and WordPress files. In this post, I will provide a quick summary of the methods. phpMyAdmin for WordPress on Google Cloud For more information, you can refer to this following YouTube video (not mine). Access WordPress files on … Read more

Dog Names: A List for Boy and Girl Puppies

To help you find inspiration, we’ve compiled a list of the 100 popular dog names, along with a brief explanation of why each name is loved by dog owners. Whether you’re looking for something classic, trendy, or unique, this list has something for every pup and personality. From names inspired by beloved characters to those … Read more

Calculate Sample Size for Chi-square Test

This tutorial shows how you can calcuate sample size for one variable chi-square test here. The example in this tutorial is that a marketing agency tests two versions of packaging (A version vs. B Version). The null hypothesis is that there is no difference between these two versions, and the alternative hypothesis is that there … Read more